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Astronaut Walter M. “Wally”
Schirra, one of the original seven astronauts for Mercury
Project selected by NASA on April 27, 1959. The MA-8 (Mercury-Atlas)
mission with Sigma 7 spacecraft was the third manned orbital
flight by the United States, and made the six orbits in 9-1/4
hours. |
WALTER M. SCHIRRA (CAPTAIN, USN, RET.)
NASA ASTRONAUT (FORMER)
PERSONAL DATA: Born March 12, 1923, in Hackensack,
New Jersey.
EDUCATION: Newark College of Engineering (N.J.I.T.), 1941;
U.S. Naval Academy, 1942-1945 B.S.; Safety Officers School (U.S.C.),
1957; U.S. Navy Test Pilot School (N.A.T.C.) 1958; NASA Astronaut
Training, 1959-1969; Honorary Doctorate in Astronautical Engineering,
Lafayette College, 1969; Honorary Doctorate in Science, U.S.C., 1969;
Honorary Doctorate in Astronautics, N.J.I.T., 1969; Trustee, Detroit
Institute of Technology, 1969-1976; Advisor, Colorado State University,
1977-1982; Trustee, National College, South Dakota, 1983-1987.
AWARDS: The Collier Trophy, 1962; Kincheloe Award,
SETP, 1963; Haley Astronautics Award - AIAA, 1963, 1969; Harmon International
Trophy, 1965.
AWARDS-MILITARY: U.S. Navy Distinguished Service
Medal; Distinguished Flying Cross (3); Air Medal (3); NASA Distinguished
Service Medal (2); NASA Exceptional Service Medal (1); Philippines
Legion of Honor (Commander).
HALLS OF FAME INDUCTED: International Aviation Hall
of Fame, San Diego, CA, 1970; New Jersey Aviation Hall of Fame, Teterboro,
NJ, 1977 (approx.); International Space Hall of Fame, Alamagordo,
NM, 1981; National Aviation Hall of Fame, Dayton, OH, 1986.
CLUBS: Society of Experimental Test Pilots (Fellow),
1958- present; AAS (Fellow), 1960-present; Explorers Club (Fellow)
1965-present; Makai Country Club, Kauai (Princeville), Hi, 1971-present;
Rancho Santa Fe Tennis Club, 1985-present; San Diego Yacht Club, 1987-present;
Charlie Russell Riders, Charter Member, 1985-present; Rancheros Visitadores,
Member, 1989-present; Desert Caballeros, Member, 1989-present; Durango
Mountain Caballeros, Member, 1989-present; Q.E.D., San Diego, Ca,
1989-present; The Golden Eagles, (Naval Aviators), 1989- present.
NASA EXPERIENCE: Captain Schirra was one of the seven
Mercury Astronauts named by NASA in April 1959. On October 3, 1962;
he piloted the six orbit Sigma 7 Mercury flight; a flight which lasted
9 hours, 15 minutes. The spacecraft attained a velocity of 17,557
miles per hour at an altitude of 175 statue miles and traveled almost
144,000 statute miles before re-entry into the earth's atmosphere.
Recovery of the Sigma 7 spacecraft occurred in the Pacific Ocean about
275 miles northeast of Midway Island. Schirra
next served as backup command pilot for the Gemini III Mission and
on December 15-16, occupied the Command Pilot seat on the history-making
Gemini 6 flight. The highlight of this mission was a successful
rendezvous of Gemini 6 with the already orbiting Gemini 7 spacecraft,
thus, accomplishing the first rendezvous of two manned maneuverable
spacecraft and establishing another space first for the United States.
Known as a "text book" pilot, Schirra remained in the
spacecraft following his Mercury and Gemini flight and is the first
Astronaut to be brought aboard recovery ships twice in this manner.
With him on Gemini 6, was Astronaut Thomas P. Stafford.
He was the Command Pilot on Apollo VII, the first
manned flight test of the three direction United States spacecraft.
Apollo VII began on October 11, 1968, with Command Module Pilot
Donn F. Eisele and Lunar Module Pilot Walter Cunningham. Schirra
participated in, and executed, maneuvers enabling crew members to
perform exercises in transposition and docking and orbit rendezvous
with the S-IVB stage from the Saturn IB launch vehicle. The mission
completed eight successful tests and maneuvering ignitions of the
service module propulsion engine, measured the accuracy of performance
of all spacecraft systems, and provided the first effective television
transmission of on-board crew activities. Apollo VII was placed
in an orbit with an apogee of 153.5 nautical miles and a perigee
of 122.6 nautical miles.
The 260 hour 4.5 million mile shake down
flight was concluded on October 22, with splashdown occurring in
the Atlantic some 8 miles from the carrier Essex (only 3/10 of a
mile from the originally predicted aiming point). Captain Schirra
has logged a total of 295 hours and 15 minutes in space. He is unique
in that he is the only Astronaut to have flown Mercury, Gemini,
and Apollo.
BUSINESS EXPERIENCE: Director, Imperial American
(Oil & Gas), 1967, 68, 69; President, Regency Investors (Leasing),
1969-1970; Founder, Environmental Control Co. (ECCO), 1970-1973;
Director, J.D. Jewel (Chicken Comp.) 1971, 72, 73; Director, First
National Bank, Englewood, Co., 1971-1978; Belgian Consulate for
Colorado and New Mexico, 1971-1984; Director, V.P., Chairman, Sernco,
1973-1974; Director, Rocky Mountain Airlines, 1973-1984; Director,
Carlsberg Oil & Gas, 1974, 1975; V. P., Johns-Manville Sales
Corp., Denver, Co, 1975, 76, 77; Director, Advertising Unlimited,
Sleepy Eye, MN, 1978-87; Director, Electromedics, Denver, Co, 1979-1985;
President, Prometheus Systems, Inc., 1980-1981; Director, Finalco
(Leasing Co.), McLean, Va, 1983-1988; Director, Cherokee Data Systems,
Boulder, Co, 1984-1986; Director, Net Air Int., Van Nuys, Ca, 1982-1989;
Director, Kimberly-Clark, Neenah, Wi, 1983-1991; Independent Consultant,
Schirra Enterprises, 1979-Present; Director, Zero Plus Telecommunications,
Inc., Campbell, Ca, 1986-Present.
CIVIC ACTIVITIES: Advisory Committee, Oceans Foundations,
San Diego, Ca, 1985-present; Advisory Board/Council, U.S. National
Parks (Interior), 1973-1985; Director, Denver Organizing Committee
for 1976 Olympics, 1973-1975; Advisor, Flight for Life, Mercy Hospital,
Denver, Co, 1978-1986; Trustee, Colorado Outward Bound School (COB),
1970-1974; COB Regional Trustee, 1988-present; Advisory Board, International
"Up With People", 1976-present; Founder/Director, Mercury
Seven Foundation, 1982-present; Director, San Diego Aerospace Museum,
1984-present; Trustee, Scripps Aquarium, 1985-present; International
Council, The Salk Institute, La Jolla, Ca, 1989-present; Sharps
Hospital, Foundations Board, San Diego, Ca, 1988- present.
PUBLICATIONS: We Seven, 1960; Schirra's Space,
1988.
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