Opportunities for further education in applied mathematics or operations research exist at the Naval Post-Graduate School in Monterey, California, at the Nuclear Power School in Charleston, SC, and at other professional naval establishments.

Midshipmen in the Mathematics Major also compete for places in the Voluntary Graduate Education Program (VGEP), the Immediate Graduate Education Program, (IGEP), and for prestigious national and international fellowships. Recent mathematics majors have earned Master degrees through VGEP studies at the George Washington University, George Mason University, and the University of Maryland, while IGEP participants have continued their mathematical studies at MIT, the University of Pennsylvania, the University of Wisconsin, and the University of Chicago Business School. Mathematics majors have also gone directly to the Navy's medical school in Bethesda, Maryland.

Graduating midshipmen are also potentially eligible for a designation identifying them with a sub-specialty code (0042E) in Operations Analysis. The 42E code may improve their chances of attending the Naval Post-Graduate School in an Operations Analysis curriculum as well as broaden the range of billets available following the officer's first operational tour.