#include <iostream>
#include <string>

using namespace std;



// Returns true if the string s is contained
// within the array A of length N.  Returns
// false otherwise
bool contains(string *A, int N, string s) {
	for (int i=0; i<N; i++) 
	{
		if (A[i] == s)
		{
			return true;
		}
		
	}
	return false;

}

// An alternative version using a 'flag' variable called 'found'
bool contains(string *A, int N, string s) {
	bool found = false;
	for (int i=0; i<N; i++) 
	{
		if (A[i] == s)
		{
			found = true;
		}		
	}
	return found;

}


// Function getarray(N,x) creates an array
// of N ints, sets each int to x, returns a
// pointer to the front of the array
int* getarray(int N, int x) {
	int* array = new int[N];
	for (int i=0;i<N;i++)
	{
		array[i] = x;
	}
	return array;
}



// Shifts all values in A left by 1, shifting
// in value x on the far right, and returning
// the original A[0] value, which gets shifted out
double shiftleft(double *A, int N, double x)
{
	// remember first element to return later
	double first = A[0];

	// shift elements left
	for (int i=0; i<N-1; i++) 
	{
		A[i] = A[i+1];

	}

	// update last position
	A[N-1] = x;

	// return
	return first;

}