Ethics of Civil-Military Relations

 

Concepts and Theories

•  Charles Dunlap, “The Origins of the Military Coup of 2012,” Parameters, Winter 1992-1993
• Samuel Huntington, The Solder and the State: The Theory and Politics of Civil-Military Relations (1957), preface through chapter 2-4
• Peter Feaver, Armed Servants: Agency, Oversight, and Civil-Military Relations (2003), preface through chapter 4-8
• _______, “Civil-Military Relations,” Annual Review of Political Science, Vol. 2, 1999 (optional)
• Eliot Cohen, Supreme Command: Soldiers, Statesmen, and Leadership in Wartime (2002), preface through chapter 4
• Morris Janowitz, The Professional Soldier: A Social and Political Portrait (1977), selections

CMR in the history of Western political thought

 Ancient

• Plutarch, “Life of Coriolanus” [Roman general] (http://penelope.uchicago.edu/Thayer/E/Roman/Texts/Plutarch/Lives/Coriolanus*.html)
• Film: Shakespeare’s Coriolanus, directed by Ralph Fiennes (2011)
• Plato, Republic, books 2-4 and 8—with particular attention to 2.369a-383b, 3 (entire), 4.419a-425a, 427c-429c, 8.543a-550b [education of guardians]
• Aristotle, Politics, book 2 chap. 9, book 3 chaps. 1-8, book 4 chap. 13 (1297b1-35), books 7-8 [the regime and citizen-soldier]

 Modern

• Machiavelli, Art of War (1520), preface, books 1 and 7.152-249
• Machiavelli, Prince (1532), chaps. 12-14, 17-20
• Rousseau, Considerations on the Government of Poland (1772), chapters 1-4 and 12
• Tocqueville, Democracy in America, volume 2, part III, chapters 22-26

 United States

• Washington, “Newburgh Address” (1783)
• S. Constitution (1787), Article I, Section 8 and Article II
• Madison, Hamilton and Jay, Federalist Papers (1787-88), Nos. 3-4, 7-8, 24, 26, 34, 41
• Samuel Huntington, The Soldier and the State, chapters 6-7
• Richard Kohn, “The Constitution and National Security: The Intent of the Framers,” in The United States Military Under the Constitution of the United States, 1789-1989, ed. Richard Kohn (1991)
• Deborah Pearlstein, “The Soldier, the State, and the Separation of Powers,” Texas Law Review (2012)
• David Luban, “On the Commander-In-Chief Power,” Southern California Law Review (2008)
• Dale Herspring, The Pentagon and the President: Civil-Military Relations from FDR to George W. Bush (2005), selections
• Russel Weigley, “The American Military and the Principle of Civilian Control from McClellan to Powell,” Journal of Military History (1993)

Contemporary Issues in US

 The civilian-military (cultural) “gap”

• Thomas Ricks, “The Widening Gap between the Military and Society” Atlantic Monthly, July 1997
• Peter Feaver and Richard H. Kohn, “The Gap,” National Interest, Fall 2000
• Eliot Cohen, “Why the Gap Matters,” National Interest, Fall 2000
• Russell Weigley, “The American Civil-Military Cultural Gap: A Historical Perspective, Colonial Times to Present,” in Peter Feaver and Richard Kohn, Soldiers and Civilians: The Civil-Military Gap and American National Security (2001)
• RAND, The Civil-Military Gap in the United States (2007)
• Rosa Brooks, “Thought Cloud: The Real Problem with the Civil-Military Gap,” Foreign Policy (August 2012) 
• Michael Desch, Civilian Control of the Military: The Changing Security Environment (2001)
• Darrell Driver, “The Military Mind: A Reassessment of the Ideological Roots of American Military Professionalism,” in Suzanne Nielson and Don Snider, American Civil-Military Relations: The Soldier and State in a New Era (2009)
• Chuck Rangel, “Bring Back the Draft,” New York Times, 31 Dec 2002
• Michael Brown, et al, “A Call to National Service,” American Interest (Jan/Feb 2008)
• Jason Dempsey, Our Army: Soldiers, Politics, and American Civil-Military Relations (2010), selections [no gap]

 Erosion of military professionalism?

• David Segal and Karin De Angelis, “Changing Conceptions of the Military as a Profession,” in Nielson and Snider, American Civil-Military Relations
• John Nagel and Travis Sharp, “Operational for What? The Future of the Guard and Reserves,” Joint Forces Quarterly (2010)
• W. Singer, Corporate Warriors: The Rise of the Privatized Military Industry (2003)

 Political participation and dissent

• Risa Brooks, “Militaries and Political Activity in Democracies,” in Nielson and Snider, American Civil-Military Relations
• James Burk, “Responsible Obedience by Military Professionals,” in Nielson and Snider, American Civil-Military Relations
• Don Snider, Dissent and Strategic Leadership of the Military Professions (2008)
• R. McMaster, Dereliction of Duty: Johnson, McNamara, the Joint Chiefs of Staff, and the Lies That Led to Vietnam (2007), pp. 243-334
• Paul Yingling, “A Failure of Generalship,” Armed Forces Journal (2007)
• Michael Hastings, “The Runaway General,” Rolling Stone (2010)

 Sensitivity to initiating wars & overuse of military

• Andrew Bacevich, “Whose Army?”, Daedalius, (Summer 2011) http://www.mitpressjournals.org/doi/abs/10.1162/DAED_a_00103#.VkipVl7lvrc
• Andrew Bacevich, The New American Militarism: How Americans Are Seduced by War (2013)
• Andrew Bacevich, Washington Rules: America's Path to Permanent War (2011)
• Andrew Bacevich, The Limits of Power: The End of American Exceptionalism (2009)
• Peter Feaver and Christopher Gelpi, Choosing Your Battles: American Civil-Military Relations and the Use of Force (2004)
• Richard Kohn, “The Dangers of Militarization in an Endless ‘War’ on Terrorism,” The Journal of Military History (January 2009)
• James Fallows, “The Tragedy of the American Military,” Atlantic (January/February 2015)
• Aaron O’Connell, “The Permanent Militarization of America,” New York Times, 4 November 2012 (http://www.nytimes.com/2012/11/05/opinion/the-permanent-militarization-of-america.html?pagewanted=all)

 Military courts and secrecy

• Anit Mukherjee, George Perkovich and Gaurav Kampani, “Secrecy, Civil Military Relations, and India’s Nuclear Program, International Security (Winter 2014/15)

 Militarization of police

• Rise of the Warrior Cop: The Militarization of America's Police Forces
• Soldiers on the Home Front: The Domestic Role of the American Military
• Aaron O’Connell (USNA), militarization in US, NYT

 Obligations to military

• Andrew Bacevich, Breach of Trust: How American Failed Their Soldiers and Their Country (2014)
• CNAS, “Passing the Baton: A Bipartisan 2016 Agenda for the Veteran and Military Community,” http://www.cnas.org/passing-the-baton#.VkJ-om-FPmI

 Comparative Civil-Military Relations

 Transitioning states: Latin America post-1960

• Zoltan Barany, The Soldier and the Changing State (2012), selections
• Thomas Bruneau and Florina Matei, eds, The Routledge Handbook of Civil-Military Relations (2013), selections
• Marybeth Ulrich, “Developing Civil-Military Competencies Among Senior National Security Practitioners in Democratizing Latin America,” USAF Institute of National Security Studies Research Report (2008)

 Transitioning states: Eastern Europe post-1990

• Barany, The Soldier and the Changing State (2012), selections
• Bruneau and Matei, eds, The Routledge Handbook of Civil-Military Relations, selections

 Transitioning states: contemporary Asia

• Zoltan, The Soldier and the Changing State, selections
• Bruneau and Matei, eds, The Routledge Handbook of Civil-Military Relations, selections
• Scobell, “Introduction” in Phillip Saunders and Andrew Scobell, eds., PLA Influence on China’s National Security Policymaking, Stanford University Press, 2015.
• Scobell, “Is there a Civil-Military Gap in China’s Peaceful Rise?” Parameters XXXIX, no. 2 (Summer 2009), pp. 4-22.
• Scobell, “China’s Evolving Civil-Military Relations: Creeping Guojiahua,” Armed Forces and Society 31, no. 2 (Winter 2005), pp. 227-244.

 Transitioning states: contemporary Middle East & Africa

• Barany, The Soldier and the Changing State, selections
• Bruneau and Matei, eds, The Routledge Handbook of Civil-Military Relations, selections

 Wrong direction: Russia & North Korea

• Zoltan Barany, Democratic Breakdown and the Decline of the Russian Military (2007)
• Bruneau and Matei, eds, The Routledge Handbook of Civil-Military Relations, selections